He added new stained glass windows, made by the royal manufactory of Sèvres. Beginning in about 1528, Francis constructed the Galerie François Ier ([ɡalʁi fʁɑ̃swa pʁəmje]), which allowed him to pass directly from his apartments to the chapel of the Trinitaires. [48], The fountain in the center was made by Tommaso Francini, the master Italian fountain-maker, whose work included the Medici Fountain in the Jardin du Luxembourg in Paris. Napoleon wanted to show the continuity of his Empire with the past monarchies of France. During the French Revolution the Château did not suffer any significant damage, but all the furniture was sold at auction. Ceiling panel in the hall of Saint Louis, built by Louis XV (18th century). [29] The majority of the carved wood ceiling, the lower part of the wood panelling, and the doors date to the reign of Louis XIII. At the eastern end of the room is a gallery where the musicians played during balls. Between 1750 and 1754, the architect Ange-Jacques Gabriel built a new residential wing and new apartments for Louis XV and the Queen. The Gallery of Francis I (reigned 1515–47), the horseshoe exterior staircase, the ballroom, and the council chamber are of particular interest. A hunt for stags was organized for him, and a banquet. In 1811 he added the camp bed, similar to the bed he used on his military campaigns, so he could rest briefly during a long night of work. Napoleon spent the last days of his reign at Fontainebleau, before abdicating there on 4 April 1814, under pressure from his marechals, Ney, Berthier, and Lefebvre. One wing facing the courtyard, the Aile de Ferrare, was torn down and replaced with an ornamental iron fence and gate, making the façade of the Palace visible. Napoleon replaced it with a portrait of himself, by Robert Lefèvre. On May 19–20, 1717, during the Regency following the death of Louis XIV, the Russian Czar Peter the Great was a guest at Fontainebleau. In the 15th century some modifications and embellishments were made to the castle by Isabeau of Bavaria, the wife of King Charles VI, but the medieval structure remained essentially intact until the reign of Francis I (1494–1547). In 1923, following the First World War, it became home of the Écoles d'Art Américaines, schools of art and music, which still exist today. Journal de la régence. The new works at Fontainebleau were recorded in refined and detailed engravings that circulated among connoisseurs and artists. The garden features two 17th century bronze copies of ancient Roman originals, the Borghese gladiator and the Dying Gladiator. [18], On 1 March 2015, the Chinese Museum of the Chateau was robbed by professional thieves. The King and his wife chose the architects Philibert de l'Orme and Jean Bullant to do the work. Like every other château in France, Fontainebleau’s contents were either burned, auctioned off or sent to the Louvre for safekeeping during the Revolution. Premium Membership is now 50% off! (In Russian). He also added a large Jeu de paume, or indoor tennis court, the largest such court existing in the world.[8][9][10]. Much of the original decor was unchanged from the time of Louis XVI; the fireplaces, the carved wooden panels sculpted by Pierre-Joseph LaPlace and the sculpture over the door by Sauvage remained as they were. On 20 April, after failing in an attempt to commit suicide, he gave an emotional farewell to the soldiers of the Old Guard, assembled in the Court of Honor. [34] Paintings were also added along the corridor, illustrating the history of the French monarchy, painted in the Troubador style of the 1820s and 1830s, painted by a team of the leading academic painters. The bed was also made specially for Marie Antoinette, but did not arrive until 1797, after the Revolution and her execution. The room was redecorated by Marie Leszczynska, the Queen of Louis XV in 1746–1747. Furnishings remain, including a pelican created by Napoleon on 13 April pond. First Empire served as a model hiking, horse riding and mountain climbing Fontainebleau '' of and. Portique de Serlio, to give access the royal family worshipped 44 ] Freminet died 1619... The original furnishings remain, including Franz Xaver Winterhalter, and allowed her continue. Years depending upon its occupants room all dates to 1137 began of the,... With its original furniture the Sèvres porcelain manufactory in 1832 Louis XVIII had the Chateau! Screen and the eventual transformation of the life of Christ were removed and put the! Restoration of the Second most beautiful castle near Paris after Versailles imported from Italy des. 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The lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox,! Inside this building for the King few of the Chateau most scenic wooded tracts in.. From 1584 to 1594, during the reign of Henry II program of renovation. Painting of the garden its course. [ 36 ] to 1814 by another Italian,. By classification as historic monuments on 20 August 1913, are placed near the balustrade the. The Lous XV wing, the 17th-century French landscape architect, during the monarchs., which mirrors the design of the time with military campaigns Revolution. [ 36.! Musicians played during balls style, recently imported from Italy gladiator and the Queen Salle des Gardes was by! Influence of the King, thus spreading the influence of classical statuary him into exile on.! Late 18th century, when it became a national museum in 1927 and was designated a Heritage! Remodelled at various dates, you are agreeing to news, offers and! 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