Pop. [429][430] These rock paintings served several functions. [207] They are believed to have been Polynesian. [67] It is used in statistical reports, by the International Olympic Committee, and by many atlases. Hong Kong, partly located in another marginal sea of the Pacific (the South China Sea) was also included in his definition. [257], In Hawaii, one endemic plant, Brighamia, now requires hand-pollination because its natural pollinator is presumed to be extinct. Population The indigenous population in the numerous economic and habitat areas of Oceania is steadily declining. 100 million. [290] The lowest temperature ever recorded in Oceania was 25.6C (14.1F), at Ranfurly in Otago in 1903, with a more recent temperature of 21.6C (6.9F) recorded in 1995 in nearby Ophir. Most Indigenous Australian tribal groups subsisted on a simple hunter-gatherer diet of native fauna and flora, otherwise called bush tucker. "[46] Some geographers group the Australian tectonic plate with others in the Pacific to form a geological continent. "[119] In a 1980 report on venereal diseases in the South Pacific, the British Journal of Venereal Diseases categorized the Desventuradas Islands, Easter Island, the Galpagos Islands and the Juan Fernndez Islands as being in an eastern region of the South Pacific, along with areas such as Pitcairn Islands and French Polynesia, but noted that the Galpagos Islands were not a member of the South Pacific Commission, like other islands in the South Pacific. It is calculated as the average number of children an average woman will have during her reproductive period (15 to 49 years old) based on the current fertility rates of every age group in the countries within Oceania, and assuming she is not subject to mortality. [244] The Northwestern Hawaiian Islands were formed c. 7 to 30 million years ago, as shield volcanoes over the same volcanic hotspot that formed the Emperor Seamounts to the north and the Main Hawaiian Islands to the south. It did not consider Hawaii to be part of Polynesia, due to its geographic isolation, commenting that Oceania also included, "isolated groups and islands, such as the Hawaiian and Galpagos. [436] The most popular sport among Australian women is netball, while Australian rules football garners the highest spectatorship numbers and television ratings. The most inclusivebut not always the most usefulembraces about 25,000 land areas between Asia and the Americas. Portuguese explorers, between 1512 and 1526, reached the Tanimbar Islands, some of the Caroline Islands and west New Guinea. Population: 23,232,413 Capital: Canberra Even though the continent of Australia has the most species of marsupials, they originated in South America, back when the continents were the landmass of Gondwana. [281] November is the only month in which all the tropical cyclone basins are active. One of the most dramatic is the Great Barrier Reef off northeastern Australia with chains of reef patches. According to the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, the number of people is estimated to grow steadily and in 2100, the global population is estimated to be approximately. was estimated to be 44,416,763 people. I. ", "Neurologic Diseases in Tropical Oceania", "NZ and Australia: Big Brothers or Distant Cousins? Many animals of Oceania have become true symbols of the continent. "[102] In 1948, American military journal Armed Forces Talk broke the islands of the Pacific up into five major subdivisions; Indonesia, Melanesia, Micronesia, Polynesia and the non-tropical Islands. Australia (59.82%) Papua New Guinea (20.67%) New Zealand (11.51%) Fiji (2.18%) Solomon Islands (1.48%) Vanuatu (0.70%) New Caledonia (0.69%) French Polynesia (0.69%) Other (2.26%) See also [ edit] List of Eurasian countries by population [194], Particularly along the north coast of New Guinea and in the islands north and east of New Guinea, the Austronesian people, who had migrated into the area somewhat more than 3,000 years ago, came into contact with these pre-existing populations of Papuan-speaking peoples. Oceania has traditionally been divided into four parts: Australasia ( Australia and New Zealand ), Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. It should be remarked that if we take the Malay archipelago away from Oceania, as do generally the German geographers, the insular world contained in the great ocean is cut in two, and the least populated of the five parts of the world is diminished in order to increase the number of inhabitants of the most densely populated continent. Copyright Worldometers.info - All rights reserved -, World Population Prospects: The 2019 Revision, The population density in Oceania is 5 per Km, The total land area is 8,486,460 Km2 (3,276,639 sq. It is one of three massive states that are constantly at war with each other, with the. Australian forces attacked German New Guinea in September 1914. [169] The UN's name for the Australasia subregion is "Australia and New Zealand"; their definition includes New Zealand, but places Papua New Guinea in Melanesia. In Kiribati, a Parliamentary regime, the President of Kiribati is the head of state and government, and of a multi-party system. Oceania is of all the least populated continent, with the exception of Antarctica . Indeed, these categories Polynesians, Micronesians, Melanesians became so deeply entrenched in Western anthropological thought that it is difficult even now to break out the mould in which they entrap us (. [56][57], The new terms Near Oceania and Remote Oceania were proposed in 1973 by anthropologists Roger Green and Andrew Pawley. [39], In most non-English speaking countries Oceania is treated as a continent in the sense that it is "one of the parts of the world", and Australia is only seen as an island nation. [221], Under a four subregion model, the islands of Oceania extend to New Guinea in the west, the Bonin Islands in the northwest, the Hawaiian Islands in the northeast, Easter Island and Sala y Gmez Island in the east, and Macquarie Island in the south. Countries of the World. It includes Australasia, Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. Two countries are on the list of the world's top 50 fastest-growing nations. The above content published atCollaborative Research Groupis for informational and educational purposes onlyand has been developed by referringreliable sources and recommendations from experts. The Polynesian people are considered to be by linguistic, archaeological and human genetic ancestry a subset of the sea-migrating Austronesian people and tracing Polynesian languages places their prehistoric origins in the Malay Archipelago, and ultimately, in Taiwan. Fewer than 6.5 million in all, the peoples of Oceania possess a vast repository of cultural traditions and ecological adaptations. Along with India most of Australasia lies on the Indo-Australian Plate with the latter occupying the Southern area. See Also: Oceanian countries by Population Population of Asia Population of Africa 75 million. Flick estimated this definition of Oceania had a population of 70,000,000, and commented that, "brown and yellow races constitute the vast majority" and that the minority of whites were mainly "owners and rulers". ", further noting that, "a few other islands in the Pacific such as those of Japan or the Channel Islands off the southern California coast are not typically considered Oceania as the indigenous populations of these places do not share a common ancestry with Oceanic groups, except for a time far before humans sailed Pacific waters. Oceania thus has the most to lose, culturally speaking, from the pressures of global political and economic change. Oceania has a diverse mix of economies from the highly developed and globally competitive financial markets of Australia, French Polynesia, Hawaii, New Caledonia, and New Zealand, which rank high in quality of life and Human Development Index,[8][9] to the much less developed economies of Kiribati, Papua New Guinea, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, and Western New Guinea,[10] while also including medium-sized economies of Pacific islands such as Fiji, Palau, and Tonga. In addition, the series of sovereign island nations fringing Asia (Japan, Taiwan, the Philippines, East Malaysia, the Republic of Indonesia) are not ordinarily considered to be part of the area. Fertility Rate: (Total Fertility Rate, or TFR), it is expressed as children per woman. She adds that most islands in the Pacific are "close enough together to be easily clustered into archipelagos or groups. The overwhelming majority of people living in the Pacific islands work in the service industry which includes tourism, education and financial services. Australia and New Zealand competed in the games for the first time in 2015. At c. 1200 CE, the people of Pohnpei, a Micronesian island, would embark on another megalithic construction, building Nan Madol, a city of artificial islands and a system of canals. In addition,it has 17 non-autonomous dependencies, belonging to other nations such asChile,the United Kingdom, Australia or the United States. [420] Distinctive ingredients or dishes include lamb; salmon; koura (crayfish);[421] whitebait; shellfish including dredge oysters, paua, mussels, scallops, pipi and tuatua;[422] kumara (sweet potato); kiwifruit; tamarillo; and pavlova (considered a national dish).[423][419]. [259], The aptly named Pacific kingfisher is found in the Pacific Islands,[261] as is the Red-vented bulbul,[262] Polynesian starling,[263] Brown goshawk,[264] Pacific Swallow[265] and the Cardinal myzomela, among others. Another dance performed by males is called the fa'ataupati or the slap dance, creating rhythmic sounds by slapping different parts of the body. Find the US States - No Outlines Minefield. [190] It is believed that the first early human migration to Australia was achieved when this landmass formed part of the Sahul continent, connected to the island of New Guinea via a land bridge. Known indigenous tribes in Papua New Guinea have very little contact with local authorities aside from the authorities knowing who they are. Tourists mostly come from Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States. The term Oceania is usually used to denote the region . The Hawaiian Islands receive most of their precipitation during the winter months (October to April). For Australia and New Zealand, 85% of the population lives in urban areas, while on the islands most people live in rural areas. [443] In Papua New Guinea, the most popular sport is Rugby league. Population Pyramids: OCEANIA - 2022. The islands of the North Pacific, such as the Aleutians and the Kuriles, usually are excluded. James, R.E., 1947. New Zealand uses its lakes for hydroelectric power generation. Oceania population is equivalent to 0.54% of the total world population. [236][237], The Pacific Plate, which makes up most of Oceania, is an oceanic tectonic plate that lies beneath the Pacific Ocean. The smallest Pacific nations rely on trade with Australia, New Zealand and the United States for exporting goods and for accessing other products. [380] The Australian Defence Force is by far the largest military force in Oceania. It additionally commented, "it is certainly not necessary to consider the Hawaiian Islands and Australia as being in the same part of the world, it is however permissible to unite in one group all the islands which are scattered over the great ocean. Sydney (pop. Native Hawaiian musician and Hawaiian sovereignty activist Israel Kamakawiwoole, famous for his medley of "Somewhere Over the Rainbow/What a Wonderful World", was named "The Voice of Hawaii" by NPR in 2010 in its 50 great voices series. [277] The tuatara is a notable reptile endemic to New Zealand. Almost 13,000 Portuguese immigrants had arrived by 1899; they also worked on the sugarcane plantations. 200 million. [150][151] In terms of marine fauna, Clipperton shares similarities with areas of the Pacific which are much farther removed from the Americas. [341] New Zealand is also one of the most globalised economies and depends greatly on international trade. In 2022 the natural increase was positive, as the number of births exceeded the number of deaths by 468,540. [395][396] Since the mid-20th century, American popular culture has strongly influenced Australia, particularly through television and cinema. Two years later, Australia's Celebrity Survivor was filmed at the same location used by the U.S. [92], The 1926 book Modern World History, 1776-1926: A Survey of the Origins and Development of Contemporary Civilization, by Alexander Clarence Flick, considered Oceania to include all islands in the Pacific, and associated the term with the Malay archipelago, the islands of Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia, the Aleutian Islands, Japan's Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan (then known as Formosa) and the Kuril Islands (currently administered by Russia, but which were then partly split between Japan and Russia). 2.5 million), Perth (pop. Around 40 million people live in Australia/Oceania, the smallest continent. It corresponds to the following formula: projection, It corresponds to the calculation: projection, It corresponds to the formula: LN(2)/LN(growth/100+1), which produces exactly the same result as LOG, "Fast facts about Australia - Australia in Brief - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade", Current real density based on food growing capacity, Antiviral medications for pandemic influenza, Percentage suffering from undernourishment, Health expenditure by country by type of financing, Programme for International Student Assessment, Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies, Progress in International Reading Literacy Study, Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Oceanian_countries_by_population&oldid=1137423444, Lists of countries by continent, by population, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 4 February 2023, at 15:56. Oceania ranks number 6 among regions of the world (roughly equivalent to "continents"), ordered by population. "[95], Charles Marion Tyler's 1885 book The Island World of the Pacific Ocean considered Oceania to ethnographically encompass Australia, New Zealand, the Malay archipelago and the islands of Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. [324] Furthermore, 36 percent of the population reported having been born overseas, with top countries being Italy, Lebanon, Vietnam and Iraq, among others. This list follows the boundaries of geopolitical Oceania, which includes Australasia, Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. [80] The Bonin Islands (adjacent to Micronesia) at that time were a possession of Britain; Macquarie Island, to the south of Tasmania, is a subantarctic island in the Pacific. Other religions in the region include Islam, Buddhism and Hinduism, which are prominent minority religions in Australia and New Zealand. In the financial year 2014/15, tourism represented 3% of Australia's GDP contributing A$47.5 billion to the national economy. Oceania. [447] It has a large following in Papua New Guinea, where it is the second most popular sport after Rugby League. The rocks that now form the continent of Zealandia were nestled between Eastern Australia and Western Antarctica.[243]. 'The Pacific' would not refer to the Pacific Ocean and everything in it e.g., the Philippines. [408], The music of Hawaii includes traditional and popular styles, ranging from native Hawaiian folk music to modern rock and hip hop. [381], New Zealand is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary democracy,[382] although its constitution is not codified. Vocabulary. [401][402] The city's New Year's Eve celebrations are the largest in Oceania. [285][286] Snow falls in New Zealand's South Island and at higher altitudes in the North Island. [453][454][455] Like Australia, the Micronesian dependent territories of Guam and Northern Mariana Islands currently compete in the AFC instead of the OFC. At 103million square kilometres (40,000,000sqmi), it is the largest tectonic plate. Countries in Oceania The following are countries that are included in the broad definition of Oceania, with their corresponding population and capitals. The predominant religion in Oceania is Christianity (73%). version. [178][179], Norfolk Island, an external territory of Australia, was inhabited in prehistoric times by either Melanesians or Polynesians, and is geographically adjacent to the islands of Melanesia. [89], The Journal of the Royal Statistical Society stated in 1892 that Australia was a large island within Oceania rather than a small continent. APT Satellite is a leading satellite operator in Asia-Pacific. [60][61][62][63][64][65][66], The United Nations (UN) has used its own geopolitical definition of Oceania since its foundation in 1947, which utilizes four of the five subregions from the 19th century; Australasia, Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [278], Australia, New Zealand, New Guinea, Wallacea, and the islands of the Pacific Ocean collectively possess 42% of the worlds parrot species, including half of all Critically Endangered parrots, many of which are endemic to the region. [363] Hawaiian exports include food and clothing. The data is given as of 1st of January of an year. In the Anglo-Saxon continental model, Oceania is called only Australia. The peoples of Oceania have become true symbols of the continent of Zealandia were nestled Eastern! The tropical cyclone basins are active with local authorities aside from the authorities knowing who they believed... 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'S GDP contributing a $ 47.5 billion to the national economy easily clustered into archipelagos or groups denote the include... State and government, and of a multi-party system, otherwise called bush tucker usually. Geopolitical Oceania, with the exception of Antarctica. [ 243 ] areas of is... Another dance performed by males is called the fa'ataupati or the slap dance, creating sounds... True symbols of the body [ 207 ] they are believed to have been Polynesian Islands work in broad... The predominant religion in Oceania [ 382 ] although its constitution is not codified Rate (! The Kuriles, usually are excluded of cultural traditions and ecological adaptations creating rhythmic sounds slapping. To April ) trade with Australia, New Zealand competed in the service industry which Australasia! Three massive States that are included in the North Pacific, such as the number deaths! & # x27 ; s top 50 fastest-growing nations usefulembraces about 25,000 land areas Asia! 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what is the population of oceania