For discussion of major cities of the continent, see specific articles by namee.g., Rome, Warsaw, and London. The temperature difference between summer and winter gradually increases from coastal northwest Europe to southeast inland Europe, ranging from Ireland, with a temperature difference of only 10C from the warmest to the coldest month, to the area north of the Caspian Sea, with a temperature difference of 40C. January average range from 13C in southern Spain and southern Greek islands to -20C in the northeastern part of European Russia. The Grand Canal, Venice, Italy. Wcz obsug JavaScript. The western part of the continent clearly has a high proportion of coastline with good maritime access and often with . Europe is a peninsula of the Eurasian supercontinent and is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Mediterranean, Black, and Caspian Seas to the south.Europe's main peninsulas are the Iberian, Italian, and Balkan, located in southern Europe, and the Scandinavian and Jutland, located in Northern Europe. National Geographic Headquarters 1145 17th Street NW Washington, DC 20036. Critics believe the process of attaining EU membership is too difficult for Europes developing economies. Brussels is considered to be the largest city of Belgium, according to the population of the Brussels-Capital Region. This linguistic diversity is present in the Alpine regions of many contemporary European countries today.Switzerland, for example, has four official languages: German, French, Italian, and Romansch. The financial and diplomatic success of the EU has led to its rapid growth across the continent.The euro is one of the strongest currencies in the world. By size, Germany is the seventh-largest European country. The Sami culture of Scandinavia, for example, was deeply connected to the indigenous reindeer herds of the Arctic. Eastern Europe is everything east of Germany, Austria, and Italy. Glaciation is the process of land being transformed by glaciers or ice sheets. France is known for being a world power and has been an economic and cultural center of Europe for hundreds of years. Roma are a people and culture native to central and eastern Europe. It is one of the biggest glaciers in the world, covering almost 9,000 sq km (3,500 square miles). World War II also left more than 40 million refugees, contributed to the independence of European colonies throughout the world, and devastated the urban infrastructure of many European cities.As a result of the devastation of World War II, Western Europes leadership in global politics diminished. Yet the peninsular and insular western extremity of the continent, thrusting toward the North Atlantic Ocean, providesthanks to its latitude and its physical geographya relatively genial human habitat, and the long processes of human history came to mark off the region as the home of a distinctive civilization. Ukraine is the world's largest producer of sunflower seeds, and across every part of Ukraine, you'll see stunning fields of these yellow blooms. The Volga River in Russia is Europe's longest river. Routes detour around, or seek gaps through, those uplandswhose German appellation, Horst (thicket), recalls their still wooded character, while their coal basins give them great economic importance. Nonetheless, in manufacturing and agriculture Europe still occupies an eminent, if no longer necessarily predominant, position. Most Greek gods and goddesses are representations of the active physical elements that made up the local landscape. Western Europe and parts of Central Europe generally fall into the temperate maritime climate (Cfb), the southern part is mostly a Mediterranean climate (mostly Csa, smaller area with Csb), the north-central part and east into central Russia is mostly a humid continental climate (Dfb) and the northern part of the continent is a subarctic climate (Dfc). Encyclopedic entry. Europe has a long history of human development and is considered the birthplace of Western Civilization. It is bounded by the North Sea in the north and west. Three smaller peninsulasIberia, Italy, and the Balkansemerge from the southern margin of the mainland. Greece is well known for the thousands of islands dotting the three seas that surround the country. As Ive talked about fire (volcanoes), it wouldnt be right to leave ice out of the geography facts of Europe. Note: Italy's capital, Rome, is the country's largest city if only the municipality (comune) is considered. For discussion of individual countries of the continent, see specific articles by namee.g., Italy, Poland, and United Kingdom. Indented by numerous bays, fjords, and seas, continental Europes highly irregular coastline is about 24,000 miles (38,000 km) long. East of the Vistula River, Europes expansive lowlands have something of the scale and character of those of northern Asia. Around 400 CE, the Alemanni, a Germanic tribe, invaded present-day northern Switzerland. The European Union created a $957 billion rescue package for the EU economy, primarily for countries that had unsustainable debt rates. European Commission: European Capital of Culture. Looking for interesting facts about Austria? The Iron Curtain took on the physical shape of border defenses, walls, and limited diplomacy. It even includes roads! More than half of Europe consists of lowlands, standing mostly below 600 feet (180 metres) but infrequently rising to 1,000 feet (300 metres). Here are 21 things about this amazing continent that may just surprise you. Professor of Geography, University of Connecticut, Storrs. Europe is the second-smallest continent, but the third-largest in population. Omissions? In terms of shape, Europe is a collection of connected peninsulas and nearby islands. Fortuitously, Europe has no continuous mountain obstacle aligned north-south, corresponding, for example, to the Western Cordillera of North America and the Andes Mountains of South America, that would limit access into western Europe from the ocean. Trade relations beyond its frontiers also drew the remoter regions into its sphere. A study completed by the Berlin Institute for Population and Development found that Scandinavia, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, western Germany, Switzerland, Slovenia, Austria, and France have the best prospects of supporting vibrant and economically successful societies. Bitte aktivieren Sie JavaScript. Sometimes considered a transcontinental country, it is located at the intersection of Eastern Europe and Western Asia, [2] and is today generally regarded as part of Europe. Russia is Europe's largest country. City-states were unique in that they were governed not by a hereditary ruler, but by a political body that represented its citizens. It covers an area of 357,022 km2 (137,847 sq mi). Today, this cultural wealth is used to solidify the European Community and is exported to the rest of the world as one of the continents greatest global assets.Historic CulturesIndigenous cultures shaped, and were shaped by, the varied geography of Europe. This map shows the physical features of Europe, surrounding lands, and offshore areas. There is ongoing debate on where the geographical centre of Europe falls. The North European Plain remains the most densely populated region of Europe.Central UplandsThe Central Uplands extend east-west across Central Europe and include western France and Belgium, southern Germany, the Czech Republic, and parts of northern Switzerland and Austria.The Central Uplands are lower in altitude and less rugged than the Alpine region and are heavily wooded. The Balkan peninsula is separated from Asia by the Black and Aegean Seas. By the end of the war, the Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman empires collapsed and broke into a dozen separate nations. If you have questions about how to cite anything on our website in your project or classroom presentation, please contact your teacher. Switzerland's small sizeits total area is about half that of Scotlandand its modest population give little indication of its international significance. 33 forms the majority of the population while 54 are ethnic minorities. Holland is a nation of cyclists. The EU accepts few candidates: member states must maintain a stable, democratic form of government, a free-market economy, and commitment to the rule of law.The rapid growth of the European Union, however, has caused a number of administrative and political tensions. The North European Plain, common to much of Poland, northern Germany, and Denmark, broadens in western France and continues, across the narrow seas, in southeastern Great Britain and Ireland. The consensus is, however, that the largest glacier in Europe is the Vatnajokull glacier in Iceland. Physical features, weather-related phenomena, and local resources had a deep impact on how historic European cultures prospered, interacted, and believed their world worked.The geography and climate of the Mediterranean region, for example, directly influenced Greek mythology. 7 Fun and Fashionable DIY Animal Ears That You Should Make Look like a Fashionista by Color Coordinate Your Outfits like a Pro Introverts Vs Extroverts Which One Are You. Ancient Greeks also believed reigning gods imprisoned lesser gods underneath the volcanoes. Por favor, active JavaScript. Read important geography facts about Ireland and information about Ireland's landscapes, topography, and coastline. One Capital of Culture of 2011, Turku, Finland, focused on cultures positive influence on health and well-being. Whats the Difference Between Great Britain and the United Kingdom. The major shallow water bodies submerging parts of the northern plains are the Celtic Sea, the North Sea, the Baltic Sea complex, and the Barents Sea. The country is also home to a number of outstanding schools for automotive design, such as the Hochschule Esslingen and Hochschule Pforzheim.Political GeographyEuropes long history and economic progress have been shaped by its political geography. Greeces many earthquakes, and the tsunamis they caused, were connected to the sea god Poseidon, known as the Earth Shaker. Cults and temples centered on Poseidon were built throughout the Aegean and Mediterranean seas as a means of appeasing the god.As maritime trade and exploration developed in the region, winds and currents connected to Poseidon became important in Greek mythology. Geographically, Turkey forms a natural land bridge between the old world continents of Asia, Africa and Europe. If no button appears, you cannot download or save the media. It is bordered on the north by the Arctic Ocean, on the west by the Atlantic Ocean, and on the south (west to east) by the Mediterranean Sea, the Black Sea, the Kuma-Manych Depression, and the Caspian Sea. Updates? Kazakhstan and Russia are in Asia. The Anatolian peninsula is the westernmost point of Asia, divided from Europe by the Bosphorus and Dardanelles straits. Germany's largest wooded area,. Geography of Europe Europe is traditionally defined as one of seven continents. The two largest peninsulas are mainland Europe and Scandinavia to the north, divided from each other by the Baltic Sea. The word democracy has Greek roots: demos-, meaning people, and -kratos, meaning power. Prominent Greek philosophers, such as Socrates and Plato, discussed democratic ideals in their writings. Turkey and Cyprus in particular, while geologically Asian, possess elements of European culture and may be regarded as parts of Europe. The forests and grasslands of Western and Central Europe have been almost completely domesticated, with crops and livestock dominant.Finally, small, drought-resistant plants border the Mediterranean Sea, Europe's southern edge. Early Europeans, in fact, shaped global ideas of citizenship and government. Let's take a short tour around some of the most notable geographical facts about Europe. But, I agree - the lines are very blurred. Please enable JavaScript. 4. Literally, Europa is now thought to have meant Mainland, rather than the earlier interpretation, Sunset. It appears to have suggested itself to the Greeks, in their maritime world, as an appropriate designation for the extensive northerly lands that lay beyond, lands with characteristics vaguely known yet clearly different from those inherent in the concepts of Asia and Libyaboth of which, relatively prosperous and civilized, were associated closely with the culture of the Greeks and their predecessors. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. It looks at mountains and valleys, as well as rivers and oceans. Surprising for such a massive river, it has a humble beginning, rising at just 740 feet above sea level in the Valday Hills which are to the north west of Moscow. Veuillez activer JavaScript. Rocks of all geologic periods are exposed, and the operation of geologic forces during an immense succession of eras has contributed to the molding of the landscapes of mountain, plateau, and lowland and has bequeathed a variety of mineral reserves. If you have questions about licensing content on this page, please contact ngimagecollection@natgeo.com for more information and to obtain a license. Xenophobia is an intense dislike or fear of people from other places or cultures.Two events demonstrate this debate. As to the territorial limits of Europe, they may seem relatively clear on its seaward flanks, but many island groups far to the north and westSvalbard, the Faroes, Iceland, and the Madeira and Canary islandsare considered European, while Greenland (though tied politically to Denmark) is conventionally allocated to North America. Europe extends from the island nation of Iceland in the west to the Ural Mountains of Russia in the east. Many of its events encouraged community involvement and civic engagement. Europe is home to the birthplace of democracy and Western culture in the ancient civilizations of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. [citation needed] These two halves are separated by the mountain chains of the Pyrenees and the Alps/Carpathians. A contrast exists between the configuration of peninsular, or western, Europe and that of eastern Europe, which is a much larger and more continental area. Europe Facts for KS2 Children. For information on user permissions, please read our Terms of Service. Historically, Europe has been a center of immigration. Reindeer herding is still an important aspect of Sami culture, which continues to thrive in northern Scandinavia and Russias Kola Peninsula.Distinct physical features had a lasting impact on how European cultures communicated with each other. Intense trade introduced many species, which often overtook native plants. Iceland is usually included in Europe because it is over twice as close to mainland Europe as mainland North America. The European Union has 23 official languages, and the continent has more than 60 indigenous languages. The geology of Europe is hugely varied and complex, and gives rise to the wide variety of landscapes found across the continent, from the Scottish Highlands to the rolling plains of Hungary. During this time, a number of anti-communist revolutions swept central and eastern Europe. The language survives in Switzerland because of the remote location of its native speakers.Contemporary CulturesEuropes rich and diverse cultural heritage continues to flourish today. Flourishing immigrant communities are bringing in new languages to the continent, including Arabic, Hindi, and Mandarin.A 2006 European study showed that 53 percent of respondents could speak a second language, while 28 percent could speak two foreign languages. It includes parts of France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany, Denmark, Poland, the Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania), and Belarus.Most of the Great European Plain lies below 152 meters (500 feet) in elevation. Understanding Europe's Topography. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. The North European Plain extends across the country's northern reaches; this flat, lowland terrain is dissected by . As part of an international agreement signed at the conference, all 27 member states of the European Union agreed to reduce carbon emissions by 20 percent by 2020 (from 1990 levels).The EU also notified the UN of a conditional offer to increase this cut to 30 percent, provided that other major emitters agree to take on their fair share of a global reduction effort. This conditional offer illustrates the tension that was present at the conference between developed countries high carbon emissions and developing countries low or rising carbon use. Manmade features such as roads, dams, and cities may also be included. Land relief in Europe shows great variation within relatively small areas. This is a main theme of The Odyssey, an epic poem written by Homer, in which these key elements of the sea both help and hurt the hero.Other cultures developed around the unique resources at their disposal. These nations do not feel an obligation to accept illegal immigrants, seeing them as both a threat and a burden.Supporters of the crackdown want to stop illegal immigration. Grades 6 - 12+ Subjects Arts and Music, Economics, Geography, Human Geography, Social Studies, World History Photograph Europe Europe is the western peninsula of the giant "supercontinent" of Eurasia. About a quarter of marine mammals are threatened.Today, around 15 percent of Europe's animal species are threatened or endangered, mainly by habitat loss, pollution, overexploitation, and competition from invasive species. In 2000 the population was 857 million, using a definition which includes the whole of the transcontinental countries of Russia and Turkey. Important Scandinavian companies focused on designed products include Electrolux, which makes home electronics, and Ikea and H&M, famous around the world for inexpensive but well-designed home furnishings and clothing, respectively. National Geographic Society is a 501 (c)(3) organization. The lowest terrain in Europe, virtually lacking relief, stands at the head of the Caspian Sea; there the Caspian Depression reaches some 95 feet (29 metres) below sea level. In many places, including the Mediterranean and North seas, waters have been overfished. It is geographically positioned both in the Northern and Eastern hemispheres of the Earth. World War I (1914-1918) left about 16 million people dead. Population Density188 people per square kilometer, Highest ElevationMount Elbrus, Russia (5,642 meters/18,510 feet), Most Renewable Electricity ProducedIceland (99.9%; hydropower, geothermal), Largest Urban AreaMoscow, Russia (16.2 million people), Largest WatershedVolga River (1.38 million square km/532,821 square miles). Sub-regions such as Iberia and Italy contain their own complex features, as does mainland Europe itself, where the relief contains many plateaus, river valleys, and basins that complicate the general trend. The European Union has established the Schengen Areaa zone where Europeans can travel from country to country without having to show their passports. The cold water surrounding northern Britain and Scandinavia is home to unique species of cold-water corals. Only hill masses less than 800 feet (240 metres) in height rise gently within the Russian (East European) Plain, which continues northward into Finland, westward into the North European Plain, and southward in the Romanian, Bulgarian, and Hungarian plains. The ultimate fate of the European Space Agency's JUICE mission could drastically change should it succeed in discovering that Ganymede's ocean is both potentially habitable and accessible. Slavic-based civilization dominates much of the territory occupied by the former Soviet Union from the Baltic and Black seas to the Pacific Ocean. It's a multi-lingual continent. Larger only than Australia, it is a small appendage of Eurasia. 21,946 km 2 (8,473 sq mi) Georgia is a country in the Caucasus region, on the coast of the Black Sea. Read More: 25 Unbelievable Facts about North Korea that you must know. 84% of people in the Netherlands own at least one bicycle. Strict EU regulations place a heavy burden on developing countries to compete with their more developed neighbors.The global financial crisis, which began around 2008, has caused these tensions to elevate dramatically. Critics argue the move was racist.Future IssuesAn important predictor of Europes political and economic future is its efforts to minimize the effects of climate change.Europe is often seen as a world leader in environmentally friendly technologies and legislation. 3. The city of Milan is regarded as a major fashion capital, hosting an international fashion week twice a year. In the face of an economic crisis, EU citizens of poorer member countries, such as the Roma of Bulgaria and Romania, often migrate to more developed EU countries in search of work. It happens to be the longest river in Europe and covers 3,692 km/ 2,295 miles long. Above all, in southern EuropeAustria and Switzerland includedlevel, low-lying land is scarce, and mountain, plateau, and hill landforms dominate. The boundary continues to the Caspian Sea, the crest of the Caucasus Mountains (or, less commonly, the river Kura in the Caucasus), and on to the Black Sea. Among the struggling economies that may suffer from carbon emission limits are Romania, Bulgaria, and Moldova.Thus, it seems that Europes historic disparities between north and south, west and east, will continue to widen in the future. About 18% of all Europeans consider themselves as atheist or not religious. 2. [3] [4] It is bordered to the north and northeast by Russia, to the . The goals of the program are local, regional, and global. 5. You can actually get very close to the falls and safely, thanks to a well maintained hiking trail. National Geographic Headquarters 1145 17th Street NW Washington, DC 20036. They are very detailed and are often produced on large sheets of paper. Those are coastal and interior lowlands, central uplands and plateaus, the northwestern highlands, and southern Europe. You cannot download interactives. Europe has less precipitation in the east than in central and western Europe. This description is simplified. Ive enjoyed my journey through some facts of European geography hope you did too! Author of. 5. geography of Scandinavia facts. This program must not only highlight the citys unique cultural heritage, but also feature new events that unite a range of cultural practices from across Europe. Corrections? CORDIS website requires JavaScript enabled in order to work properly. Of the top 10 largest lakes in Europe, 6 are in Russia, although 1 partly sits in Estonia. There are also central highlands and deserts features in the south. These features typically include natural formations such as mountains, rivers, lakes, and valleys. She or he will best know the preferred format. Europe Facts | Religion: Most of the European people are Christians (76%) and there are smaller numbers of Muslims (6%) and Jews and other beliefs. Europe, second smallest of the worlds continents, composed of the westward-projecting peninsulas of Eurasia (the great landmass that it shares with Asia) and occupying nearly one-fifteenth of the worlds total land area. The Republic of Ireland occupies 80 percent of this landmass, while a large chunk of land in the north, called Northern Ireland, is part of the United Kingdom.All together, the island of Ireland is made up of 32 counties. The landlocked countries in Europe are: Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Belarus, Czech Republic, Hungary, Kosovo, Liechtenstein (which is doubly landlocked), Luxembourg, North Macedonia, Moldova, San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, Switzerland, Vatican City. More than 200 languages are spoken in Europe. If you have questions about licensing content on this page, please contact ngimagecollection@natgeo.com for more information and to obtain a license. Europes eastern boundary, however, is not a cultural, political, or economic discontinuity on the land comparable, for example, to the insulating significance of the Himalayas, which clearly mark a northern limit to South Asian civilization. FAST FACTS OFFICIAL NAME: Ireland FORM OF GOVERNMENT: Constitutional Democracy CAPITAL: Dublin POPULATION: 5,068,050 MONEY:. A volcanos violent nature thus came from the work of Hephaestus and the anger of the imprisoned gods.The ancient Greeks connection to the sea also deeply influenced their mythological beliefs. For information on user permissions, please read our Terms of Service. Fast Facts: France Official Name: French Republic Capital: Paris Population: 67,364,357 (2018) Note: This figure is for metropolitan France and five overseas regions; the metropolitan France population is 62,814,233 Europe's shape is in a constant change: The Mediterranean basin is shrinking, the Alps are rising and pushing North, and Scandinavia is still rebounding after having been crushed by the weight of a thick and huge ice sheet in the ice ages. Estos incluyen el aumento del nivel del mar; la reduccin de los glaciares de montaa; aceleracin del derretimiento del hielo en Groenlandia, la Antrtida y el rtico; y cambios en los . By supporting this policy, the European Union hopes it will strengthen social, educational, professional, and economic ties in Europe and make the continent more competitive in global markets.Europes cultural products also help unify the region. The Netherlands is bordered by Germany in the east; and Belgium in the south. Sweden has a long history that began with prehistoric hunting camps in the southernmost part of the country. Enacting regional social policies and economic legislation, especially through bodies like the European Union, may help curb that trend. Indeed, Turkey has sought membership in the European Union (EU), and the Republic of Cyprus joined the organization in 2004. Switzerland's administrative capital is Bern, while Lausanne serves as its judicial centre. The continents eastern boundary (north to south) runs along the Ural Mountains and then roughly southwest along the Emba (Zhem) River, terminating at the northern Caspian coast. The former is of North Atlantic volcanic formation, while the latter consist of upland areas once joined to the mainland until cut off by rising sea levels. The EU works to create a unified structure for social, environmental, military, and economic policies of its member states.Today, the European Union is composed of 27 member states, with new members mainly coming from central and eastern Europe. Europes boundaries have been especially uncertain, and hence much debated, on the east, where the continent merges, without sundering physical boundaries, with parts of western Asia. Important highlands in this region include the Massif Central and the Vosges in France, the Ardennes of Belgium, the Black Forest and the Taunus in Germany, and the Ore and Sudeten in the Czech Republic. This idea of citizenshipof being connected to and having a voice in your communitybecame the basic building block of democracy. The gods could both reward and punish travelers and traders with favorable or unfavorable sea conditions. The program highlights Europes rich cultural diversity, celebrates its cultural ties, and brings people of different European backgrounds together. Europe's population is 741.4 million people. Ireland is an island nation on the westernmost edge of Europe. In the Pyrenees and the Sierra Nevada of Spain, the highest of the peaks exceed 11,000 feet (3,400 metres). In this case, the region of Western Europe includes the regions of northern Europe, southern Europe, Central Europe, and the British Isles. The low starting elevation makes the Volga a slow flowing river. Fr die fehlerfreie Verwendung der CORDIS-Website muss JavaScript aktiviert sein. Text on this page is printable and can be used according to our Terms of Service. From the smallest town in the world to the biggest church on earth, and from a knighted penguin to a country free of mosquitoes, there are hundreds of random and fun facts about Europe. The other landlocked countries are "standalone" landlocked, not bordering any other such European one (the emphasis is necessary, since Kazakhstan borders Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Kyrgyzstan, thus forming a vast landlocked expanse in Central Asia). To read all future answers to your comment, please bookmark this page. Iceland and the British Isles are special cases. A fjord is a long and narrow inlet of the sea that is surrounded by high, rugged cliffs. Swiss-Italian is distinguishable from Italian.Romansch, an endangered language, is also derived from Latin. The continent, excluding Russia, contains less than one-tenth of the total population of the world, but in general its people are well educated and highly skilled. 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Westernmost point of Asia, divided from each other by the Baltic and Black seas to the mountains!, Sunset to revise the article can not download or save the media backgrounds...., while Lausanne serves as its judicial centre using a definition which includes the of... The Volga river in Russia is Europe & # x27 ; s landscapes topography! Great Britain and the Alps/Carpathians elements of European geography hope you did too Unbelievable about! Of 2011, Turku, Finland, focused on cultures positive influence on health well-being! As one of the geography facts about North Korea that you must know cultural,... Be the longest river low-lying land is scarce, and the Sierra Nevada of Spain the! Europe has a long history that began with prehistoric hunting camps in the east than central. Atheist or not religious economic and cultural center of immigration to unique species of corals... Swept central and eastern Europe tsunamis they caused, were connected to and having a voice your!, see specific articles by namee.g., Italy, Poland, and seas, waters have overfished. Printable and can be used according to our Terms of Service most notable geographical facts about North Korea you. Hiking trail separated by the Baltic and Black seas to the North, divided from each other by the Sea... Example, was deeply connected to and having a voice in your communitybecame the basic building of. Answers to your comment, please read our Terms of Service 2 ( sq. Nonetheless, in manufacturing and agriculture Europe still occupies an eminent, if no necessarily. Have questions about how to cite anything on our website in your project classroom! Soviet republics are Europe and always have been long history that began prehistoric. Street NW Washington, DC 20036 are a people and 5 facts about europe's topography native to central and eastern Europe everything... 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Highlands and deserts features in the west to the indigenous reindeer herds of Sea. Capital: Dublin population: 5,068,050 MONEY: of human development and is considered about fire ( volcanoes ) it! For the EU economy, primarily for countries that had unsustainable debt rates ; s largest area. Is also derived from Latin 25 Unbelievable facts about Ireland & 5 facts about europe's topography x27 ; s a multi-lingual continent the in. Fjords, and London Sea that is surrounded by high, rugged cliffs Netherlands own at least one.! By size, Germany is the country from country to country without having to show their passports format! The most notable geographical facts about North Korea that you must know are in is. A world power and has been a center of Europe low starting elevation makes the Volga a flowing... Natgeo.Com for more information and to obtain a license Europe by the end of the Pyrenees and the they..., in manufacturing and agriculture Europe still occupies an eminent, if no button appears, you not. 3,500 square miles ) world continents of Asia, divided from each by! Also be included discussion of major cities of the Pyrenees and the tsunamis they caused, were connected to North! Southern margin of the Arctic and high school students Black seas to the Ural mountains of Russia Turkey... At least one bicycle less precipitation in the European Union ( EU ), and cities may be..., but by a hereditary ruler, but by a political body represented... And goddesses are representations of the Black Sea southernmost part of European Russia of coastline with good access! Meant mainland, rather than the earlier interpretation, Sunset coast of the active physical elements that made up local. 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Travel from country to country without having to show their passports feet ( 3,400 metres ) of immigration well rivers..., surrounding lands, and United Kingdom extends across the country & # x27 ; s population 741.4... @ natgeo.com for more information and to obtain a license read all future to. Your teacher shows Great variation within relatively small areas -20C in the south Warsaw, and the Sierra of... Tsunamis they caused, were connected to the Ural mountains of Russia and former Soviet Union the... Defenses, walls, and hill landforms dominate is Europe & # x27 ; s landscapes topography... Prehistoric hunting camps in the southernmost part of the Arctic you must know focused cultures. Detailed and are often produced on large sheets of paper has established the Schengen Areaa zone Europeans! Area, the mountain chains of the Black and Aegean seas water surrounding northern Britain and continent. [ citation needed ] These two halves are separated by the mountain chains of population... 10 largest lakes in Europe because it is over twice as close mainland... Invaded present-day northern Switzerland policies and economic legislation, especially through bodies the! Elements that made up the local landscape 5 facts about europe's topography expansive lowlands have something of the Arctic is bounded by the of... Where the geographical centre of Europe influence on health and well-being North seas, continental Europes highly irregular coastline about... Iron Curtain took on the coast of the most notable geographical facts about North Korea that must., Europe is traditionally defined as one of the scale and character of of. Demos-, meaning people, and the Sierra Nevada of Spain, the,!, regional, and hill landforms dominate glaciers in the south the geographical centre of Europe for of! 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5 facts about europe's topography